Research Paper on Tilapia Essay Example

Research Paper on Tilapia Essay Tilapia is a common name designating fishes of the Cichlidae family. This brand name comes from the Latin form of thiape, a word that means â€Å"fish† in bechouana – an African language. It includes three genera within cichlids: Oreochromis, Tilapia, and Sarotherodon. They originate in Africa and Near or Middle East. The size varies between 5 and 50 centimeters. These fresh or brackish fishes water are bred and consumed widely in the world. The first notes of the tilapia breeding go back to ancient Egypt 4,000 years ago, but its commercial exploitation begins in South Africa by Belgian and English settlers, because of meat shortages caused by World War II. After the war, researchers have discovered how to get fully male population, which grows two times faster than females and the genetic selection allowed to improve further the resistance of the fish to diseases. In 2009 tilapia is produced in more than 75 countries, the largest producers being China, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, Taiwan, Egypt, British, Cuba, Mexico, and Israel. To six species, the hybrids and crossbreeds must be added. It is mainly Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Java Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), also called Mozambique Tilapia. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Tilapia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Tilapia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Tilapia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Some species are considered under domestication, as their breeding cycle is fully mastered. That allows to improve the quality of these species in terms of livestock through the genetic. Tilapia were introduced into many streams and rivers of Africa or Asia, often to fill an empty niche or to feed the local population. This is the case of Lates niloticus, but also that of Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) in smaller scale, which have unfortunately become locally invasive species, and contributed to the extinction of indigenous species. These freshwater fishes have white firm flesh and are virtually devoid of bones. Tilapia has a taste that varies depending on the salinity of the water in which it lives. Its flavor is stronger in wild individuals. It is rich in vitamin B, in vitamin D, in selenium, and phosphorus. This lean fish contains two fatty acids of the family of omega-3, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). During pregnancy, tilapia is an excellent source of nutrients for the mother or the fetus especially in protein, vitamin D, and vitamin B12. Tilapia is one of the most consumed fish species United States. If you have chosen tilapia as a subject for your research project, we can recommend you to consult free example research paper topics on tilapia. They will help you to get the idea of the scientific writing procedure. It also can present some ideas for your future research proposals. You can find these free samples on the Web, but be carefull to choose, as there are great deal of poor-quality imitations. CAUTION! As far as you know all free research paper samples and research proposal examples about Tilapia are 100% plagiarized!!! At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research paper on Tilapia topics. Your research paper will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all research paper details: Enjoy our professional research paper writing service!

Professional Values Essays

Professional Values Essays Professional Values Paper Professional Values Paper C. B. Bernsten, and M. A. Sanner. 2008. Care ideologies re? ected in 4 conceptions of pharmaceutical care. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 4: 332–342. Childress, J. F. , et al. 2002. Public health ethics: Mapping the terrain. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 30: 170–178. Choosing health thorough pharmacy- A programme for pharmaceutical public health 2005–2015. 2005. London: Department of Health. dh. gov. uk/publications. Faculty of Public Health of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of the United Kingdom. What is Public Health? fphm. org. uk/about_faculty/what_public_health/default. asp. Accessed August 2009. Fassett, W. E. 2007. Ethics, law and the emergence of responsibility for patient care. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 41: 1264–1267. Goodin, R. E. 1985. Protecting the vulnerable. A reanalysis of our social responsibilities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Harding, G. , and K. Taylor. 1997. Responding to change: The case of community pharmacy in Great Britain. Sociology of Health Illness 19(5): 547–560. ? Hayry, M. 2006. Public health and human values. Journal of Medical Ethics 32: 519–521. Hepler, C. D. , and L. M. Strand. 1990. Opportunities and responsibilities in pharmaceutical care. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 47: 533–543. Jesson, J. , and P. Bissell. 2006. Public health and pharmacy:

Favorite House Styles in the USA

Favorite House Styles in the USA Cape Cod and Ranch style houses were once the rage, but Americas tastes have changed over the past decade. Here are todays favorite house styles, according to our Dream House Survey. Mind you, this survey isnt scientific, but the results suggest some interesting trends. Readers are choosing homes homes with cozy details and a romantic flavor. Do you agree? 1. Craftsman Bungalow House Style Homey bungalows with low-pitched roofs and exposed rafters took America by storm in the early 1900s... and then faded from favor after 1930. But perhaps the style is making a comeback. Craftsman and Arts Crafts homes and bungalow homes were the most popular pick in our Dream House survey. 2. Tudor and English Country House Styles Scoring a close second in our Dream House Survey, this cozy style with half-timber details is reminiscent of Medieval English cottages and manor homes. Readers who responded to our survey were drawn to the small, diamond-paned windows and exposed wood framing found in many Tudor Revival homes. 3. Victorian Queen Anne House Styles Victorian is not actually a style, but a period in history, and Victorian architecture comes in many forms. There are the austere stick style homes, the fanciful Gothic Revival cottages,  and the majestic Italianates. But when people discuss Victorian architecture, they are often thinking of Americas so-called Queen Anne  style an elaborate, rather feminine, fashion with lavish details such as towers, wrap-around porches, bay windows, and elaborate trim. Queen Anne ranks number three in our survey, falling behind the more restrained Craftsman and Tudor styles. 4. Georgian Colonial House Styles Symmetrical, orderly Georgian houses became a prominent Colonial house style. Today, Georgian Colonial Revival is a model often imitated for elegant new homes. 5. Prairie House Styles Frank Lloyd Wright pioneered this style in Chicago at the turn of the century. Low-pitched hipped roofs give Prairie style  homes the appearance of hugging the earth, and the square, often symmetrical lines suggest strength and homespun values. 6. Dreams for the Future Borrowing ideas from the past, modern-day styles take on many shapes. One imaginative reader said that he dreamed of owning a home designed for desert living. The floors, he said, would be polished concrete. Air conditioning and heat will duct through the cement slab up through sand-filled interior walls, he wrote. Sounds very modern. Desert Modern. 7. Homes for Right Now Dream houses dont have to be big. In fact. sometimes our deepest passions come in small packages. One man from Ohio has created his own dream house. The 150-year-old cottage has no electricity, so hand tools and elbow grease were used to paint the shutters, sand the floors, and decorate the rooms with an admittedly eccentric style. A quirky man with dogged independence, he writes, This was meant to be fun, not some job to be instantly done. We cant argue with that. More Top Picks A few more questions: Out of all the styles to choose from, whats your favorite? Why do you love it? Here are responses:   High Victorian: Queen Anne, Second Empire, and the like are a showcase of fine craftsmanship not likely to be seen on such a grand scale again. I own an original foursquare. While I appreciate the nice woodwork, its too rectilinear.I like Colonial Revival and Ranch homes, but I also like Foursquare houses because that is what my grandparents had.Arts and Crafts: As a design enthusiast, my favorite style is Arts Crafts. Its wide and low pitched roofs, use of natural materials, earth-toned color schemes, and overall craftsmanship makes the Arts Crafts style hard to ignore and almost impossible to duplicate today. Morris, Greene, Stickley (Sears Roebuck) and, to a great extent, Wright owe much of what they did for architecture in this country, to the East (Asia if Im not mistaken). From Bungalow to Craftsman to Prairie, you will find very, very few people who are NOT taken with the Arts Crafts style.Tidewater: I love the tidewater houses. The wrap-around porches are efficient ventil ation systems. Living in the South, we are able to enjoy a lot of porch weather! Tropical Architecture: This is not a very recognized style but I love it because it addresses issues of the humid climate.Dutch Colonial: I like the dutch colonial revival with the gambrel roof, and also the standard colonial revival..Give Me a Ranch: I love the classic Raised Ranch. The home can be small in square footage but has potential to be designed in such a way that it feels bigger.Federalist Style House: The look of size is impressive in itself but the appearance of sturdiness and durability says home. Even Katrina couldnt blow this house down.Greek Revival: Greek Revival is American architecture at its besta style that is distinctly American for Americans. Chaste and classical, while formal and informal, yet beautiful and timeless are just a few of its many attractive qualities.Spanish: I absolutely love the Spanish-Mediterranean-Pueblo-Missionary type houses. They have a beautiful tropical warm appearance with a comfortable at home feel. Its like living a dream.

Business economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business economy - Essay Example An excise tax is defined as a tax imposed on a specific amount per unit of product, and for this reason is sometimes also referred to as a specific tax (Keats & Young, 2005, p. 149). In contrast, there are ad valorem taxes such as sales taxes, which are imposed on the value or price of the product or service. Taxes imposed on â€Å"unhealthy† goods are also called â€Å"sin taxes.† They are usually state-sponsored taxes which legislators readily resort to at times when the government is seen to run a budget deficit and needs to raise funds. The taxpayers rarely protest any imposition or increase of sin taxes, for the reason that the tax is not imposed on the general public but only those who buy the product which is seen as harmful to them, anyway. Sin taxes may either be specific or ad valorem, and are generally imposed on cigarettes or tobacco, liquor, and gambling. (Investopedia, 2009) The price, income and cross-price elasticities of demand as well as the price elasticity of supply all bear on the effectivity of imposing sin taxes. Price elasticity measures changes in demand due to changes in prices of the good, income elasticity the changes in demand due to changes in the buyer’s income, and the cross-price elasticity of demand changes in demand for a good due to a percentage change in the price of a related good. On the other hand, the price elasticity of supply refers to the percentage change in the quantity supplied for a good given the percentage change of price for that same good. These four elasticities are important in the determination of the tax incidence, though those that bear most directly are the price elasticities of demand and supply. This is because different commodities have different responses to increase in prices, and government’s selection of which commodities to tax and how much to tax will determine government revenue. Rose (2003) observes that this was considered by Adam Smith

Meditech surgurical case study Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Meditech surgurical case study - Term Paper Example From all indications, it is clear that Meditech used cost-effective supply chain instead of using a responsive supply chain as it would have more useful when it comes to high innovative products considerations. The supply chain used by the company was customer service oriented and hence the delay. The company has also been facing problems in poor service quality due to strain in its production capacity. The strain in its production capacity made the company experience constant shortage in the introduction of new improved products. It also had problems with high finished goods inventory. It is important for the company to plan on the introduction of a new cycle through the three phases of manufacturing and this should be done two months before the products is marketed to avoid any shortages in the market (Leeman, 150). a. The introduction of new products in Meditech Surgical were totally unplanned for and was done without properly strategizing on it supply chain and production schedules. This was the reason why the arrival of net order in the company was more than its finished goods (FG) inventory. Lack of proper strategies in the introduction of new products led to underestimated productions hence delayed delivery of orders. b. Faulty forecasting and mechanical techniques in the company resulted into a wrong prediction which then resulted in faulty targets (Leeman, 150). The company has had a poor ability to forecast the demand for its new products which then led to underestimation in the new product production. c. Finished goods inventory in the company is almost 40% above the desired levels. High level of finished goods inventory is a clear indication that the goods are not moving in the required rate and that customer orders are not being processed within the stipulated time. d. Meditech Surgical has long organizational structure

The Absurdity of Scientific Creationism Essay -- Science Religion Essa

The Absurdity of Scientific Creationism We humans have always thought of ourselves as being unique, whether by divine sanction or by a self-established belief in superiority. For some, this understanding is intimately tied to the traditional tenets that have long been held as fact, having only recently been challenged. For modern Christians, the literal interpretation of the Bible=s account of creation has come under attack by the development and widespread acceptance of Darwinian evolution. To some, undermining the credibility of Biblical creation directly calls into question the Bible=s authority on its moral teachings. As Ken Ham, from the WGBH Boston Video Evolution Series: What About God? states, AYwhat it [the Bible] says is what it meansYit relates to the authority of scripture and the gospelsYso, if the Bible got it wrong in astronomyYgeologyYbiologyYthen why should I trust the Bible when it talks about morality and salvation? [i]@ It is no wonder with sentiments like these that the backlash against evolution has been so strong and lasting; nonetheless, it has not been until the last few decades that such a debate has moved from the pulpit to the laboratory. With a more educated and well-informed army of Christians, who believe in creationism, the scientific evidence for evolution has now come under assault. With creationists and intelligent design advocates like Henry M. Morris and Michael J. Behe respectively, the attack on Darwin is no longer argued as religion versus evolution per se, but rather one Alegitimate@ scientific theory against another. Here, we examine some of the scientific arguments presented by Henry M. Morris in his various publications. As a biology major, I find Morris= writings fascin... ...nd John D. Morris. The Modern Creation Trilogy: Science & Creation. Vol. 2. Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 1997. [xvi] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/ [Date Accessed: Saturday, February 1, 2003] [xvii] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/tutorial/Altschul-1.html [Date Accessed: Saturday, February 1, 2003] [xviii] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/tutorial/Altschul-1.html [Date Accessed: Saturday, February 1, 2003] [xix] Morris, Henry H. Scientific Creationism. Appleman 557-564. [xx] Morris, Henry M., and John D. Morris. The Modern Creation Trilogy: Science & Creation. Vol. 2. Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 1997. [xxi] Morris, Henry M., and John D. Morris. The Modern Creation Trilogy: Science & Creation. Vol. 2. Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 1997. [xxii] Evolution: What About God? Videocassette. WGBH Boston Video, 2001. 60 min.

Department of biology Essay

INTRODUCTION: Every cells of living organism contains genetic materials known as deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA. It can be isolated from tissue sample of living things by separating it from other cellular component in a manner that still preserves its structures. The structure of DNA is double-stranded helices that made up from the monomer of nucleotides. Each of the nucleotides composed of three parts that are the phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar backbone and also nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine). This nitrogenous base are arranged in sequence and holds the information and coding for controlling the physical trait that we all have as well as the regulation of our body. DNA extraction is simply a process that results in separation of DNA from the cells or viruses that are hosting it. Through the meaning is simple but the process is not. When we go into the peculiar details of DNA extraction, we realize that it’s more of an initial stage in other intensive DNA testing processes. DNA test could be performed for any reason; however for any DNA testing to happen the first stage normally is the isolation and extraction of DNA molecules from the cells that they reside in. DNA extraction follows a series of step, stripping all proteins from the DNA and the extraction protocols have to make sure that the DNA thus obtained via isolation and extraction is of high or acceptable quality. DNA isolation is a process of purification of DNA from sample using a combination of physical and chemical methods. Currently it is a routine procedure in molecular biology or forensic analysis. Primary structure consists of linear sequence of nucleotides that are linked together by phospodiester bonds. It is the linear sequence of nucleotides that make up the primary structure of DNA. Specific techniques must be chosen for isolation of DNA from some samples such as samples from microorganisms with thick cellular wall, for example yeast. Biological DNA represents the information which directs the functions of a living thing. A. Yeast DNA Extraction Materials : 1 packet of dry yeast, Sodium chloride, Meat tenderizer, Ice cold 95% ethanol, Sunlight detergent, distilled water, blender, graduate cylinders ( 10mL, 100mL and 500mL ), Beaker ( 250mL, 100mL ), glass stirring rod and wooden sticks, 15mL test tube, test tube rack, 1 ,l pipette and blue tips. Method: 1. 1 packet of dry yeast was mixed with 40ml of 50Â °C tap water. The yeast was stir to dissolve and the mixture was leave and covered for 20 minutes. 2. Salt/detergent solution was prepared by adding 40 ml detergent and 40g NaCl to 360ml distilled water. The solution was mixed till dissolved. 3. 5% meat tenderizer solutions were prepared by adding 5g of meat tenderizer to 80 ml of distilled water. The solution was top up to 100 ml with distilled water. *salt / detergent solution and meat tenderizer solution is prepared once for Part A, B and C. *alternatively, 5% meat tenderizer solution may be substitute with 100 ml of fresh papaya juice or pineapple juice. 4. 40 ml of yeast mixture and 40 ml of salt/detergent solutions was placed in a blender and was blended at high speed for 2 minutes. 5. The solution was pour into the beaker and 15ml of meat tenderizer solution was added. The solution was stir to mix. 6. The mixture was leave at room temperature for 5 minutes. 7. A cheese cloth was place over a filter funnel. The mixture was pour over the filter funnel and the clear supernatant was collected. 8. 3 ml of clear solutions was transfer into a 15ml tube. 9. The test tube was tilted to a 45 degree position. 3 ml of 95% ice cold ethanol was gently added to the side of the tube. 10. The test tube was leave undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. A layer will be formed in the tube. 11. DNA precipitate was formed at the interphase layer. A wooden stick was used to swirl the DNA out Result : Table A(i) : Yeast DNA Extraction B. Onion DNA Extraction Materials : Fresh onion, salt detergent solution, meat tenderizer solution, ice cold 95% ethanol, distilled water, blender, graduated cylinders (10 ml and 100 ml), glass stirring rod and wooden sticks, 15 ml test tube, test tube rack, 1 ml pipette and blue tips. Method : 1. The prepared salt/detergent solutions and meat tenderizer solution from part A was gathered. 2. 3 medium sized onions were cut into an inch cube and were placed in a blender. 3. 100 ml of salt/detergent solution was added in a blender. 4. The solution was blended at high speed for 2 minutes. 5. A cheese cloth was placed over filter funnel. The mixtures were poured over the filter funnel and the clear supernatant was collected. 6. The clear solution was transfer into a beaker and 30 ml of meat tenderizer solution was added. 7. The mixtures were leave at room temperature for 5 minutes. 8. 3 ml of clear solutions was transfer into a 15 ml tube. 9. The test tube was tilted to a 45 degree position. 3 ml of 95% ice cold ethanol was gently added to the side of the tube. 10. The test tube was leave undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. A layer will be formed in the tube. 11. DNA precipitate was formed at the interphase layer. A wooden stick was used to swirl the DNA out. Result : Table B(i) : Onion DNA Extraction C. Apple and Orange DNA extraction Materials : Fresh apple, fresh orange, salt detergent solution, meat tenderizer solution, ice cold 95% ethanol, distilled water, blender, graduated cylinder ( 10 ml and 100 ml ), glass stirring rod and wooden sticks, 15 ml test tube, test tube rack, 1 ml pipette and blue tips. Methods : 1. The prepared salt/detergent solutions and meat tenderizer solution from part A was gathered. 2. An apple / orange were cut into an inch cube and were placed in blender. 3. 100 ml salt/detergent solutions were added in a blender. 4. The solution was blended at high speed for 2 minutes. 5. A cheese cloth was placed over filter funnel. The mixtures were poured over the filter funnel and the clear supernatant was collected. 6. The clear solution was transfer into a beaker and 30 ml of meat tenderizer solution was added. 7. The mixtures were leave at room temperature for 5 minutes. 8. 3 ml of clear solutions was transfer into a 15 ml tube. 9. The test tube was tilted to a 45 degree position. 3 ml of 95% ice cold ethanol was gently added to the side of the tube. 10. The test tube was leave undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. A layer will be formed in the tube. 11. DNA precipitate was formed at the interphase layer. A wooden stick was used to swirl the DNA out. Result : Table C(i) : Orange DNA Extraction Table C (ii) : Apple DNA Extraction RESULT ALL OF EXPERIMENTS: Sample Extraction Amount Apple Success Large Onion Success Small Orange Success Small Yeast Success Small DISCUSSION: Based on our experiment discussion, we obtained that the difference amount of DNA extraction from yeast, onion, apple and orange is different. The amount of apple DNA extraction is larger than onion, orange and apple DNA extraction. Each step of the process will help in a certain way to extract DNA, until we are finally successful in the end. In the yeast, extraction, the ethanol will be able to separate the DNA and it will float between the less dense ethanol and the denser homogenizing mixture. In the onion DNA extraction, the chloroform and homogenizing medium will help break down the cell membranes and the ethanol like in the yeast DNA extraction. It will cause the DNA to separate and be suspended in the interface between the two solutions. It will be same to apple and orange DNA extraction. The precaution step on this experiments we tilt 45Â º to add the ethanol. This is because it will form a layer on top of the sample because the ethanol is less than water. So, it does will be on the top of layer. We also used 50ï‚ ° of hot water in yeast solution. Its will formed the best of result because hot water is the optimum temperature for yeast. We also obtained about perceptions step why only clear solution produced in these experiments. Its means the extraction was failed. CONCLUSION: REFERENCES: http://www.whatisdna.net/dna-extraction.html http://classic.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb5/Labs/DNA_Extraction_Lab/dna_extraction_lab.html#predictions http://sciencehk.weebly.com/lab-reports.html ANSWER AND QUESTION: Answer all the questions. 1. Describe the functions of following: a. Applying blender to sample and salt/detergent solutions Strain the DNA mixture. b. Salt Salty water helps the DNA precipitate (solidify and appear) when alcohol is added. c. Detergent Detergents are used to break down cell walls and nuclear membranes to release the DNA. They work by chemically poking holes in the cell membranes or walls. Once holes are poked in the membranes, the membranes can be further distrupted mechanically, as with a blander. After that, it’s easier to get the contents of the cell out, including the DNA, d. Meat tenderizer solutions Meat tenderizer acts as an enzyme. The DNA in the nucleus of the cell is moulded, folded, and protected by proteins. The meat tenderizer cuts the proteins away from the DNA. e. 95% ice cold ethanol Having ice cold ethanol only increases the rate of precipitation of DNA and helps increase yield of DNA. It can either use room temp or ice cold ethanol for DNA precipitation. Think about precipitation of a super concentrated solution as you decrease the temperature. As the temperature decreases, the amount of precipitation increases. Overall temperature affects solubility. As temperature decreases the substance becomes more insoluble (in general. this does not apply to every molecule). So, ice cold EtOH allows for more DNA to interact together and allow for a more rapid and efficient precipitation of DNA. 2. Compare the reliability amount of DNA obtained from all the samples. The reliability amount of DNA obtained from apple is much larger compared to Reliability amount of DNA from onion, orange and apple. 3. Write out the principle involved in DNA extraction. – Break open cells by mashing the fruit. – Dissolve organelles and cell membranes with detergent. – Separate DNA from proteins with salt – Filter out the clumps with a coffee filter – DNA precipitates in cold alcohol and is spooled out.